My primary research focus is in the inference of the effects of interventions/exposures in populations and sub-populations from observational and randomized studies. The statistical issues I am interested in include causal inference based on observational data, analysis of incomplete data, causal inference in sub-populations, prediction of causal effect, and empirical/full Bayesian approaches. In addition, I am also interested in statistical modelling of OMICS data and identifying genetic/epigenetic/proteomic/metabolomic markers to improve intervention strategies. A general scheme of these research activies is to personalize intervention based on each individual's unique characteristics. My collaborative research is mainly in cardiology and cancer.